Welcome
Disclaimer
new Publication now available
Papers of Stefan A. Voser
new content
Table of Content
Knowledge Corner
Theory
A very short introduction to Coordinate Reference Systems
On Map Projections and Geodetic Reference Systems
About Geographic Coordinates
About Map Projection Methods
Theory-Collections
Coordinates - Coordinate Systems - Coordinate Reference Systems
Mathematics and Geometry
The Coordinate System Site of Peter H. Dana - The Geographers Craft
Koordinatensystem - wikipedia.de
Zeichenebene und Koordinatensystem - mathe online
Geodesy
Geodesy for the Layman at NGA
Basic Geodesy Articles at NGA
Datums, Ellipsoids, Grids and Grid Reference Systems
Coordinate System Analysis from NGA
The Geodetic Reference System Site of Peter H. Dana - The Geographers Craft
wikibooks.de: Regal Geodäsie
wikibooks.de: Differentialgeometrie
wikibooks.de: Mathematische Geodäsie
wikibooks.de: Geodätische Koordinatensysteme
wikibooks.de: Geoinformationssysteme
Map Projections
Map Projection Theory at ITC Enschede NL
Picture Gallery of Map Projections by Havlicek
Java world map projections - by Henry Bottomley.
Unusual Map Projections by Waldo Tobler
Table of examples and properties of all common projections by radicalcartography.net
The Map Projection Site of Peter H. Dana - The Geographers Craft
Map Projections - Conversions - Transformations - Interpolations
GNSS - Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS - Global Positionning System
GLONASS - Globalnaya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema
Galileo
COMPASS
Transit
Terminology
The MapRef-Glossary
The MapRef-Glossary in english
Das MapRef-Glossar deutsch
Other Glossaries
AGI GIS Glossary
Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection Glossary of Cartographic Terms
FIG Glossary/Wörterbuch
Definitions on CRS at NGA
Map Projection - Conversion - Transformation - Interpolation Methods
Coordinate Operations
Conversions
2D-Conversions
3D-Conversions
other Conversions
Transformations
2D-Transformations
3D-Transformations
Transformation-Guide for Cadastral Surveying
Interpolations
General Aspects of Interpolations
2D-Interpolations
Lagrange-Interpolation
Spline-Interpolation
3D-Interpolations
MapProjection Methods
General Aspects of Map Projection Methods
Aitoff - Projection
Alaska_series_E Modified TM - Projection
Alaska Modified Stereographic Conformal - Projection
Albers Conic Equal Area - Projection
Apianus - Projection
Azimutal Equidistant Projection
AE transversal aspect
Behrmann - Projection
Berghaus - Projection
Bipolar Oblique Conic Conformal - Projection
Bonne - Projection
Usage
Folrmula
References
Briesemeister - Projection
Cassini - Projection
Chamberlin Trimetric - Projection
Craster Parabolic - Projection
Cube World Composition - Projection
Cylindrical Equal Area - Projection
de L.Isle - Projection
Usage
Eckert IV - Projection
Eckert VI - Projection
Equidistant Conic - Projection
Equidistant Cylindrical Rectangular - Projection
Flat polar Quartic - Projection
Gall Stereographic Cylindrical - Projection
Gauss-Krüger-Projection
Usage
Formula
Gauss-Boaga-Projection
Usage
Formula
Geographic
Gnomonic Projection
GN transversal aspect - equator
Great Britain National Grid
Van der Grinten I - Projection
Hammer-Projection
Hammer-Aitoff Projection
Krovak - Projection
Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection
LAEA transversal aspect
Usage
Formula
Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
LCC northern hemisphere
LCC southern hemisphere
Usage
Formula
Loximuthal - Projection
Mercator - Projection
Miller Cylindrical
Modified Stereographic Conformal - Projection
Mollweide - Projection
New Zealand Grid
Nicolosi - Projection
Oblique Mercator Projection
Oblique Mercator by Hotine
Oblique Mercator by Laborde
Oblique Mercator by Rosenmund
Formula
Orthographic Projection
Petermann - Projection
Platt-Carree Projection
Polar Stereographic
Polyconic - Projection
Robinson - Projection
RSO Rectified Skewed Orthomorphic - Projection
Simple Equidistant Conic - Projection
Sinusoidal - Projection
Usage
Formula
References
Soldner-Projection
Space Oblique Mercator - Projection
Stab-Werner Projection
State Plane
Stereographic - Projection
NorthPole
Equator
Oblique
Times - Projection
Transverse Mercator - Projection
Usage
Formula
Two-Point Equidistant - Projection
Universal Polar Stereographic
UTM - Projection System
UTM-Zones
The Universal Grids: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) - Technical Manual
UTM Fact Sheet at USGS
UTM at en.wikipedia.org
MGRS - Military Grid Reference System
Vertival Near Side Perspective - Projection
Werner - Projection
Usage
Formula
References
Bottomley 2003: Between the Sinusoidal projection and the Werner: an alternative to the Bonne.
Winkel-Tripel - Projection
Library and References
Publications of Stefan A. Voser
Voser 2003 - Map Projections for the Layman
Voser 2003a - The Future of Coordinate Reference Systems
Voser 1999a - Cartometric Aspects of Hybrid Analysis within GIS
The MapRef Series
Voser 2007 - Konzeptuelle Modellierung von Koordinatensystemen für Geodateninfrastrukturen
CRS-Bibliography
Annoni et al. 2003 - Map Projections for Europe
Annoni/Luzet 2000 - Spatial Reference Systems for Europe
Brandenberger 1985 - Koordinatentransformation für digitale kartographische Daten mit Lagrange- und Spline-Interpolationen
Bugayevskiy/Snyder 1995 - Map Projections - A Reference Manual
Kahle 1988 - Einführung in die Höhere Geodäsie.
Lee 1944 - On the Nomenclature and Classification of Map Projections.
Marti 1997 - Das Geoid der Schweiz 1997
Richardus/Adler 1972 - Map Projections.
Snyder 1987 - Map Projections - A Working Manual.
Snyder/Voxland 1989 - An Album of Map Projections.
Snyder/Steward 1997 - Bibliography of Map Projections
Schlatter 2007 - Das neue Landeshöhennetz der Schweiz LHN95
Oddens Bookmarks
Historical Focus
The Genesis of Coordinate Reference Systems
History of Geometry
History of Geodesy
International Institution for the History of Surveying and Measurement - FIG
Society for the history of Geodesy in Switzerland (SSGS)
History of Geodesy at Wikipedia
Geschichte der Geodäsie bei Wikipedia.de
History of Cartography
at Wikipedia
Historical Maps Samples
at Wikipedia.de
Web-References
The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
Wikipedia - die freie Enzyklopädie
Who is Who?
Anaximandros von Milet
Apollonius von Perge
Archimedes von Syrakus
Aristoteles
Beltrami Eugenio
La Condamine Charles Marie de
Descartes René
Eratosthenes von Kyrene
Eudoxos
Euklid von Alexandria
Euler Leonhard
Fermat Pierre de
Fréchet M.
Gauß Carl Friedrich
Graßmann H.G.
Hamilton W.R.
Hammer Ernst
Hausdorff F.
Hekataitos von Milet
Hilbert David
Hipparchus from Nicaea
de L Isle
Lambert Johann Heinrich
Laplace Pierre Simon Marquis de
Legendre Adrien-Marie
Lobatschewski Nikolai Iwanowitsch
Marinos von Tyros
Maupertuis Pierre Louis Moreau de
Menelaos
Mercator Gerhard - Kremer Gerhard
Newton Sir Isaac
Peanos Giuseppe
Poincaré
Ptolemäus Claudius
Regiomontanus
Riemann Bernhard
Sandby Paul
Snyder John P.
Strabon
Thales von Milet
Theaitetos
Theodosios von Pitane
Tobler Waldo
Wessel Caspar
Nemoriarius Jordanus
CRS-Tools
GISwiki
GISwiki german "Koordinatentransformation"
GeoTIFF
http://remotesensing.org/geotiff/geotiff.html
Mirror at http://geotiff.maptools.org/geotiff.html
PROJ.4 - Cartographic Projections Library
http://remotesensing.org/proj/
http://proj.maptools.org/
CRS-Web-Tools and Services
Heiko Jakobs web-service
Decision Support System for Map Projections of Small Scale Data
Projects
GEIXS - The European Geological Data Catalogue
Thanks from the GEIXS Project
Data Models on CRS
A Conceptual Modell on Coordinate Reference Systems
CRS Models of ISO and OGC
CRS-Models and Modelling in other Standards
CRS in INTERLIS
CRS in GeoTIFF
CRS in EPSG
Modelling Languages
UML - Unified Modelling Language
UML® Resource Page at the Object Management Group OMG
Object Management Group OMG
INTERLIS - Modelling and Data Transfer
Collection of CRS in Europe
Europe
ETRS89: European Terrestral Reference System 1989
ETRS89 at IAG
http://www.iag-aig.org/
ETRS89 Specs based on iso 19111
ETRS-TMzn: ETRS89 Transverse Mercator Coordinate Reference System
ETRS-LCC: ETRS89 Lambert Conformal Conic Coordinate Reference System
ETRS-LAEA: ETRS89 Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Coordinate Reference System
International or Worldwide CRS
Map Projections worldwide or international
UTM and UPS Projection System
Karti Mira - Russian World Map
Geodetic Reference Systems worldwide or international
WGS84 - the CRS of GPS
World Geodetic System 1984 at NGA (DoD)
GPS - Global Positionning System
The GPS Site of Peter H. Dana - The Geographers Craft
ITRS89
PZ-90 - the CRS of GLONASS
Albania - AL
Institutions AL
National Mapping Agency AL
Military Geographic Institute
Instituti i Topografise Ushtarake (ITU)
Institut Studimit Tokave
Organisations AL
Coordinate Reference Systems AL
Map Projections AL
Gauß-Krüger
Zone 4 (21°E)
Geodetic Reference Systems AL
Kamez/S42
Albanian System 1987 (ALB87)
Samples AL
Andorra - AD
Institutions AD
National Mapping Agency AD
Name
Organisations AD
Coordinate Reference Systems AD
Map Projections AD
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems AD
Name
Samples AD
Austria - AT
Institutions AT
National Mapping Agency AT
BEV
Organisations AT
Coordinate Reference Systems AT
Map Projections AT
Gauß-Krüger (MGI)
M28
M31
M34
Lambert Conformal Conic (MGI)
LCC
Geodetic Reference Systems AT
Hermannskogel/Militärgeographisches Institut MGI
Samples AT
Belgium - BE
Institutions BE
National Mapping Agency BE
Institut Géographique National, Belgium (IGN-B)
Administration du Cadastre, de L'Enregistrement et des Domaines / Administratie van het Kadaster, de Registratie en de Domeinen
Organisations BE
Coordinate Reference Systems BE
Map Projections BE
Lambert Conformal Conic 1950
LCC1950
Lambert Conformal Conic 1972
LCC1972
UTM
Zone 31
Geodetic Reference Systems BE
Datum Géodesique 1950 (DG 1950)
Datum Géodésique 1972 (DG 1972)
Samples BE
Belgian Datum 1972 <-> Lambert 1972
Belgian Datum 1972 <-> WGS84 
Bulgaria - BG
Institutions BG
National Mapping Agency BG
Directorate of Geodesy and Cartography
Ministery of Regional Development and Construction
Organisations BG
Coordinate Reference Systems BG
Map Projections BG
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems BG
Name
Samples BG
Croatia - HR
Institutions HR
National Mapping Agency HR
Drzavna Geodetska Uprava (DGU)
Organisations HR
Croatian Cartographic Society
Coordinate Reference Systems HR
Map Projections HR
Gauß-Krüger (HR_HDKS / HR_TM)
Zone 5
Zone 6
Geodetic Reference Systems HR
DHKS / HR1901
Samples HR
Cyprus - CY
Institutions CY
National Mapping Agency CY
Tmima Ktimatologiou Kai Chorometrias
Address
Organisations CY
Coordinate Reference Systems CY
Map Projections CY
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems CY
Name
Czech-Republic - CZ
Institutions CZ
National Mapping Agency CZ
Ceský úrad zememerický a katastrální
Organisations CZ
Coordinate Reference Systems CZ
Map Projections CZ
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems CZ
CZ_S-JTSK
Samples CZ
Denmark - DK
Institutions DK
National Mapping Agency DK
Kort & Matrikelstyrelsen
Organisations DK
Coordinate Reference Systems DK
Map Projections DK
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems DK
Name
Samples DK
Estonia - EE
Institutions EE
National Mapping Agency EE
Eesti Maa-amet
Organisations EE
Coordinate Reference Systems EE
Map Projections EE
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems EE
Name
Samples EE
Finland - FI
Institutions FI
National Mapping Agency FI
Maanmittauslaitos
Geodeettinen Laitos
Organisations FI
Coordinate Reference Systems FI
Map Projections FI
KKJ (Kartastokoordinaattijärjestelmä) - Finnish National Grid
Zone 1 (21°E)
Zone 2 (24°E)
Zone 3 (27°E)
Zone 4 (30°E)
Uniform Zone 3 (27°E)
Geodetic Reference Systems FI
Name
Samples FI
France - FR
Institutions FR
National Mapping Agency FR
Institut Géographique National - France
Organisations FR
CNIG
AFIGÉO
Coordinate Reference Systems FR
Map Projections FR
Lambert - NTF (1922)
Lambert I - North
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert II - Middle
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert III - South
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert IV - Corsica
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert II étendu
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert I carto
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert II carto
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert III carto
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert IV carto
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
Lambert Grand Champ
2 Standard Parallels
1 Standard Parallel
UTM - ED50
Zone 30 - 3°W
Zone 31 - 3°E
Zone 32 - 9°E
Lambert on RGF93
Geodetic Reference Systems FR
NTF
RGF93
ED50
ETRS89
Samples FR
Germany - DE
Institutions DE
National Mapping Agency DE
Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie BKG
Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Vermessungsverwaltungen der Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland AdV
Organisations DE
Interministerieller Ausschuss für Geoinformationswesen
Geodateninfrastruktur Deutschland
Deutscher Dachverband für Geoinformation
Coordinate Reference Systems DE
Map Projections DE
Gauss-Krüger Streifen System on Bessel Ellipsoid (West Germany)
2. Streifen/Zone 2 (6°E)
3. Streifen/Zone 3 (9°E)
4. Streifen/Zone 4 (12°E)
5. Streifen/Zone 5 (15°E)
Gauss-Krüger Streifen System on Krassowskij-Ellipsoid (Est Germany)
Zone 4 (12°E)
Zone 5 (15°E)
UTM Zone System on ED50
UTM31 - ED50
UTM32 - ED50
UTM33 - ED50
UTM Zone System on ETRS89
UTM31 - ETRS89
UTM32 - ETRS89
UTM33 - ETR89
Lambert Conformal Conic
LCC-Mean
LCC-West
LCC-East
Othe LCCs in Germany
ESRI-Germany
LCC12
Geodetic Reference Systems DE
Das deutsche Hauptdreiecksnetz 1990 - DHDN 90
Das deutsche Referenznetz 1991 - DREF 91
Das deutsche Haupthöhennetz 1992 - DHHN 92
DHDN > UTM/ETRS89 - Bundeseinheitliche Transformation für ATKIS
Samples DE
Greece - GR
Institutions GR
National Mapping Agency GR
Hellenic Mapping & Cadastral Organisation
Hellenic Military Geographical Service
Organisations GR
Coordinate Reference Systems GR
Map Projections GR
Hatt
Zone
HGRS87
UTM Zone 24°E
UTM do ED50
Zone 34
Zone 35
Geodetic Reference Systems GR
GGRS87
old Greek Datum ?
Samples GR
Hungary - HU
Institutions HU
National Mapping Agency HU
FVM Földügyi és Térinformatikai Föosztály
Organisations HU
Coordinate Reference Systems HU
Map Projections HU
Egyseges Orszagos Vetulet - EOV (Uniform National Projection System)
Zone
Gauss-Krüger on Krassowskij/System42
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems HU
HD-72
System 42/83
Samples HU
Iceland - IS
Institutions IS
National Mapping Agency IS
Landmælingar Íslands
Fasteignamat Ríkisins
Organisations IS
Coordinate Reference Systems IS
Map Projections IS
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems IS
Reykjavik 1900 (D)
Reykjavik 1900 (I)
Hjörsey 1955
Samples IS
Ireland - IE
Institutions IE
National Mapping Agency IE
Suirbhéireacht Ordnáis Éireann
Organisations IE
Coordinate Reference Systems IE
Map Projections IE
Irish National Grid
Transverse Mercator in Airy Modified
Geodetic Reference Systems IE
Irish National Datum 1965
Irish National Datum 1975 "Mapping Adjustment"
Irish County datums
Samples IE
Italy - IT
Institutions IT
National Mapping Agency IT
Istituto Geografico Militare Italiano
Organisations IT
Coordinate Reference Systems IT
Map Projections IT
Gauss-Boaga -IGM 1940
West (Zone 1)
East (Zone 2)
Geodetic Reference Systems IT
Roma Monte Mario
Genoa Bessel
Sicily
Samples IT
Latvia - LV
Institutions LV
National Mapping Agency LV
Latvijas Geotelpiskas Informacijas Agentura
Valsts Zemes Dienests
Organisations LV
Coordinate Reference Systems LV
Map Projections LV
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems LV
Name
Samples LV
Lichtenstein - LI
Institutions LI
National Mapping Agency LI
Name
Organisations LI
Coordinate Reference Systems LI
Map Projections LI
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems LI
Name
Samples
Lithuania - LT
Institutions LT
National Mapping Agency LT
Valstybine Geodezijos Ir Kartografijos Tarnyba
Organisations LT
Coordinate Reference Systems LT
Map Projections LT
LKS84
Zone 1 (24°E)
Gaus-Krüger on Krassowskij (System42)
Zone 4 (21°E)
Geodetic Reference Systems LT
LKS94 (ETRS89)
SD42 - System42
Samples LT
Luxembourg - LU
Institutions LU
National Mapping Agency LU
Administration du Cadastre et de la Topographie
Organisations LU
Coordinate Reference Systems LU
Map Projections LU
Nouvelle Triangulation du Luxembourg (NTL)
Gauß-Krüger
Geodetic Reference Systems LU
SL1930
NTL
ED50
Samples LU
Macedonia - MK
Institutions MK
National Mapping Agency MK
Name
Address
Organisations MK
Coordinate Reference Systems MK
Map Projections MK
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems MK
Name
Samples MK
Netherlands The - NL
Institutions NL
National Mapping Agency NL
Kadaster en Openbare Registers
Organisations NL
Coordinate Reference Systems NL
Map Projections NL
RD/NAP
Stereographic
Geodetic Reference Systems NL
RD/NAP
ED50
Samples NL
Northern-Ireland
Institutions NIR
National Mapping Agency NIR
Ordnance Survey
Organisations NIR
Coordinate Reference Systems NIR
Map Projections NIR
Irish National Grid (1975)
Transverse Mercator
Geodetic Reference Systems NIR
Northern Ireland 1952
Samples NIR
Norway - NO
Institutions NO
National Mapping Agency NO
Statens kartverk
Organisations NO
Coordinate Reference Systems NO
Map Projections NO
NGO 1948
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Zone 5
Zone 6
Zone 7
Zone 8
UTM
Zone 32 (9°E)
Zone 33 (12°E)
Zone 34 (15°E)
Zone 35 (18°E)
Geodetic Reference Systems NO
NGO1948 Norwegian Geodetic Datum
Samples NO
Poland - PL
Institutions PL
National Mapping Agency PL
Glówny Urzad Geodezji i Kartografii
Organisations PL
Coordinate Reference Systems PL
Map Projections PL
UKLAD 1965
Zone 1 Quasi Stereographic (Roussilhe 1922)
Zone 2 Quasi Stereographic (Roussilhe 1922)
Zone 3 Quasi Stereographic (Roussilhe 1922)
Zone 4 Quasi Stereographic (Roussilhe 1922)
Zone 5 Gauß-Krüger
Geodetic Reference Systems PL
System 1942
Samples PL
Portugal - PT
Institutions PT
National Mapping Agency PT
Instituto Geográfico Português
Organisations PT
Coordinate Reference Systems PT
Map Projections PT
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems PT
Name
Samples PT
Romania - RO
Institutions RO
National Mapping Agency RO
Agentia Nationala de Cadastre si Publicitate Imobiliara
Organisations RO
Coordinate Reference Systems RO
Map Projections RO
Gauß-Krüger
Zone 34
Zone 35
Stereographic 70
one Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems RO
System 42
Samples RO
Russia - RU
Institutions RU
National Mapping Agency RU
Roskartografia
Organisations RU
Coordinate Reference Systems RU
Map Projections RU
Gauss-Krueger
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems RU
System 42
Samples RU
Slovakia - SL
Institutions SL
National Mapping Agency LS
Úrad geodézie, kartografie a katastra Slovenskej republiky - ÚGKK
Organisations SL
Coordinate Reference Systems SL
Map Projections SL
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems SL
MGI
System42/83
Samples SL
Slovenia - SI
Institutions SI
National Mapping Agency SI
Geodetska uprava Republike Slovenije
Organisations SI
Coordinate Reference Systems SI
Map Projections SI
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems SI
MGI
Samples SI
Spain - ES
Institutions ES
National Mapping Agency ES
Instituto Geográfico Nacional
Dirección General del Catastro
Organisations ES
Coordinate Reference Systems ES
Map Projections ES
UTM
Zone 28 - Canarias Island
Zone 30 - Iberian Peninsula
Zone 31 - Baleares Island
Lambert Conformal Conic
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems ES
ED50
Samples ES
Sweden - SE
Institutions SE
National Mapping Agency SE
Lantmäteriet
Organisations SE
Coordinate Reference Systems SE
Map Projections SE
RT90-Rikets Koordinatsystem 1990 Swedish National GRID 1990
RT 90, 2.5 gon V
RT 90 simplified
Geodetic Reference Systems SE
RT90
Samples SE
RT90 lat/long -> RT90 N/E
SWEREF93 (ETRS89) <-> RT90
Switzerland - CH
Institutions CH
National Mapping Agency CH
swisstopo
Cadastral Surveying in Switzerland
Organisations CH
KOGIS
SOGI
SGC - Swiss Geodetic Commission
Coordinate Reference Systems CH
Map Projections CH
LV95
swiss oblique Mercator by Rosenmund 1903
LV03
swiss oblique Mercator by Rosenmund 1903
CH1840 - Bonne Projection
Geodetic Reference Systems CH
CHTRS95
CH1903+
CH1903
CH1840
LHN95
Publications
LN02
Coordinate Reference Frame Change LV03 > LV95
LV03 vs. LV95
The FINELTRA-Method
FINELTRA CHENyx06 for cadastral data
the CHENyx06 Geodataviewer
Official LV03>LV95 CRF-Change Site at swisstopo
The Swiss Cadastral RD/LV95 Project site
The official control point data service FPDS at swisstopo
Samples CH
Turkey - TR
Institutions TR
National Mapping Agency TR
Milli Savunma Bakanligi, Harita Genel Komutanligi
Organisations TR
Coordinate Reference Systems TR
Map Projections TR
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems TR
Name
Samples TR
Ukraine - UA
Institutions UA
National Mapping Agency UA
State Service of Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre
Organisations UA
Coordinate Reference Systems UA
Map Projections UA
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems UA
Name
Samples UA
United Kingdom - GB
Institutions GB
National Mapping Agency GB
Ordnance Survey
Organisations GB
Coordinate Reference Systems GB
Map Projections GB
OSGB36 - British National Grid
Zone Great Britain, without Northern Ireland
Information on the National Grid at Ordnance Survey
Interactive Guide to the National Grid at Ordnance Survey
Cassini Projection
About the Cassini Projection
Geodetic Reference Systems GB
Name
Samples GB
Yugoslavia
Institutions YUG
National Mapping Agency YUG
Name
Organisations YUG
Coordinate Reference Systems YUG
Map Projections YUG
Name
Zone
Geodetic Reference Systems YUG
Name
Samples YUG
FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
How to use the MapRef-Pages?
What are Coordinates?
What is a Coordinate Reference System?
Why do may Datum Parameters exist?
How to georeference a bitmap?
Related Information
EPSG - European Petrolean Surveying Group - Maintains a CRS database
EU-CRS - Information and Service System for European Coordinate Reference Systems
EuroGeographics
INTERLIS - the GeoLanguage
ISO TC211- Geographic Information/Geomatics
National Mapping Agencies in Africa
NMA - National Mapping Agencies in Europe
OGC - Open Geospatial Consortium
Fiction - Poetry - Film - Fun - Art ...
Fiction and Poetry
Alder Ken: The measure of all things / Das Mass der Welt
Lightman Alan: Einstein.s Dreams
Sobel Dana: Longitude/ Längengrad
Whitaker Robert: The Mapmaker.s Wife
Film and Photo
The Englishman Who Went Up a Hill But Came Down a Mountain (1995)
Fun
Do you love map projections?
Who is the star of map projections?
Star Projections by Carlos A. Furuti
Star Projections at Böhm-wanderkarten.de
Art
What is New?
new content and changes/updates
New Layout
old Contents
Happy 2009
Redesign of mapref.org
MapRef-Corner
Contact Page
Purchase a Publication
About MapRef
About Stefan A. Voser
MapRef-Series
History of MapRef
Feedback
old site - closed